Task 6 M1 LA4 Part 3

TASK 1

In this activity, you will have to read two texts. Make necessary notes of their key features. It may facilitate you in doing the other tasks. Enjoy it.

Text 1

            In all the discussion over the removal of lead from petrol there doesn’t seem to have been any mention of difference between driving in the city and the country.

            While I realise my leaded petrol car is polluting the air wherever I drive, I feel that when you travel through the country, where you only see another car every five to ten minutes, the problem is not as severe as when traffic is concentrated on city roads.

            Those who want to penalise older, leaded petrol vehicles and their owners don’t seem to appreciate that, in the country, there is no public transport to fall back upon and one’s own vehicle is the only way to get about.

            I feel that country people, who often have to travel huge distances to the nearest town and who already spend a great deal of money on petrol, should be treated differently to the people who live in the city.

(Source: Gerot, L., & Wignell, P. (1994). Making Sense of Functional Grammar).

Generic Structure Analysis

·         Thesis                          ; paragraph 1 (the removal of lead from petrol)

·         Argument 1                 ; paragraph 2 (different petrol car crowd in city and country)

·         Argument 2                 ; paragraph 3 (punishment to the old car is not followed by an increase in

                                    public transportation in the country)

·         Recommendation        ; paragraph 4 (the old car should be treated differently dealing with the region

                                    (country/city))

Language Feature Analysis

Focusing on the writer            : using the first personal pronoun "I"

Using abstract noun                ; discussion

Using action verb                    : treat,

Using thinking verb                ; think, seem

Using passive voice                 ; should be treated differently

Using simple present tense      ; there doesn't seem…, there is no public transport.., etc

Text 2

The Impact of Tsunami

            The Asian 2004 tsunami was probably the worst natural disaster in human memory because of the numbers of people affected. Many studies have been written about its impact on human life, communities and livelihoods. In this context, the fisheries sector has featured prominently as one of the areas most affected by the disaster. This study focuses on the issue whether or not fishery resources were affected by the tsunami, particularly in Indonesia and Sri Lanka, the two most impacted countries. The answer to this question is fundamental to promote necessary efforts to recover fishery livelihoods in the regions.

            Data from the Aceh Province Fisheries Statistics Yearbooks (1995–2005 shows there was a general decrease then an increase in the overall number of boats from 1994 to 2004, but part of this was attributable to switching from many small boats to a smaller number of larger boats with inboard engines. Using only data on total number of boats, not the details of their capacity, the catch per boat increases from 4.4 tonnes/boat/year in 1994 to 8.4 tonnes/boat/year in 1998. Between 2002 and 2004 catch per boat decreased while the number of boats increased and production fluctuated. The number of vessels and the catch per vessel are almost mirror images and the best catches over the past decade tended to occur when the total number of boats was below 15 000.

            Minimal provincial fisheries data are available for the period since the tsunami, but at Lampulo, Banda Aceh, it was possible to obtain some monthly data on catch, catch per boat, trips and number of boats between February 2004 and May 2006. These data show that catch per boat and total catch actually increased in 2005 and 2006 compared with 2004. This is considered to be related to the reduced number of boats and fishing trips after the disaster.

            The quantity and productivity of marine fish resources in Sri Lanka is driven by the presence of a narrow continental shelf and the lack of significant areas of upwelling. Between 1977 and 1980, acoustic surveys of coastal waters were undertaken4 to estimate a potential yield of about 250_000 tonnes/ year. The yearly data give a good picture of how the fisheries were behaving over longer time frames before the tsunami. The monthly catch data show significant seasonal patterns that tend to repeat over the years and different responses to the tsunami which can be highlighted as follows:

            Monthly total catches in Batticaloa, Sri Lanka, quickly rebounded after February/March 2005 so that catches were back in the normal range for that time of year. At Ampara catches rebounded but not back to the monthly equivalent levels of 2004.

            For small pelagic species one district showed an increase in catches after the tsunami, two districts had lower catches a year after the tsunami, while four districts showed no difference in catches and a continuation of long-term trends within a few months of the tsunami.

            The available evidence shows that overall, impacts of the tsunami on fisheries are more related to ongoing and new tsunami-related “human” factors, rather than the physical or biological effects of the disaster on resources and ecosystems. That is, existing overexploitation trends had already brought many of the fisheries under severe stress before the tsunami. (Adapted from http://www.fao.org/3/a-ai000e.pdf

           

Generic Structure Analysis

·         Thesis                          ; paragraph 1

(whether or not fishery resources were affected by the tsunami)

·         Arguments                  ; paragraph 2-6 (catch per boat and total catch actually increased in 2005 and 2006 compared with 2004, catches were back in the normal range for 2005, two districts had lower catches a year after the tsunami, while four districts showed no difference in catches)

·         Reiteration                  ; paragraph 7

Language Feature Analysis

Focusing on the non-human participants        : using the data

Using abstract noun                                        ; impact

Using passive voice                                         ; is considered, be related, is driven

Using simple present tense                              ; the available evidence shows that overall, Monthly total                                                                            catches in Batticaloa, Sri Lanka

Can you identify the two texts above? Are they, both, hortatory exposition texts? Well, to confirm it you’d better watch the video available in below

I think the first text is absolutely a hortatory exposition, but I have any difficulties in analyzing the second text, I guess it is analytical text because of the last paragraph.

Task 6 M1 LA3 Part 3 Profesional

Task 6 KB3

Choose one prohibition sign below which attracts you to generate your ideas to write an analytical exposition text. Be sure to apply the knowledge you have learnt.

Source: https://www.seton.co.uk/do-not-litter-signs.html#A4GA56RP

TAKE CARE of YOUR TRASH

          Trash always appears to be an effective issue in a society with less environmental sensitivity. Indiscipline hygiene can lead to unpleasant atmosphere due to trash. With the behavior of littering, it will result in some problems that will disturb or damage the environment itself.

          The smallest thing that can be caused by the littering of trash is an accident. Imagine, if we throw banana peel trash on the road carelessly, when someone stepped on the banana peel, it is likely he will fall. In addition, this can also damage the view from a small scale. Despite it is only a trash, it will disturb the comfort of our environment.

          When the trash continues to accumulate in a place, for example in the river, then one of the consequences is the flood. Flood is one result of littering. Trash dumped in the river will cause the shallow of the river and the obstruction of the river flow. When the rain drops down, it is certain that the river will not be able to accommodate the water, causing the water to overflow and flooding.

          We know that cleanliness is one of the most important aspects of life. To keep the body in order to stay healthy and fit needed cleanliness in the environment where we live. Stacking trash can cause various types of diseases. The presence of disease seeds in the trash usually comes from polluted waste by human feces and livestock, or because the insect-borne insects sector is nested in it. Trash contaminated with human feces or livestock can be a source of infectious diseases or pathogen sources consisting of bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and worms. And of course, this is very dangerous to human health.

          With all kinds of impacts arising from the presence of waste that is disposed of arbitrarily, there is no reason for every human being to not keep his environment clean and comfortable by disposing of waste in his place and living a healthy life.

TASK 5 M1 LA3 Part 3 Profesional

Instruction

TASK 5 LA3

 

Use your own words to develop the two supporting ideas available in the text below.

Compulsory Attendance in College

          On my first day of class in an American university, I discovered that there are many differences between universities in US and in my country. One difference hit me immediately when the professor walked into the classroom dressed in casual pants and a sports shirt. Then he sat down, and I received a second shock. He sat down on the desk, not behind the desk. The biggest shock happened when he passed out a piece of paper listing the requirements of the class. I learned that I was not allowed to miss any classes! In my country, professors do not know or care if students attend lectures, but in the United States, professors actually call the roll at the beginning of each class meeting. In my opinion, compulsory attendance in college is completely inappropriate for two reasons.

          The first, college students are adults, not elementary school children.  The student has an ability to determine which of the acts he should be doing which is not because the student has a different mindset with the child. The student is able to determine what he needs in the course so he will not neglect to improve his knowledge even though he is not attending the class

          Students often have other obligations such as work and family. Not infrequently we meet there are students who have to work to help the cost of lectures and this has become a necessity for him. So also with students who already have a family. Sometimes the affairs involving the family are more important than attending the class so the students tend to leave the class because they think the class can be replaced by learning independently.

          To summarize, attendance in college classes should be optional. Students may already know the material that the professor will cover. Sometimes the professor lectures on material that is in the textbook, so students can read it on their own time. Therefore, in my opinion, compulsory attendance in college classes should be abolished.

(Source: Oshima and Hogue. 2007. Introduction to Academic Writing).

Task 4 M1 LA3 Part 3 Profesional

Instructions

Before constructing exposition texts, please open the related links below and watch the videos of various activities related to the topic we are currently discussing. Make necessary notes, Then send your answers to the instructor!

Video 1 How to write an essay

What analytical essay?

Necessary notes base on the video 1

1.      How and Why

2.      Explain and interpret

3.      Main Ideas

4.      Having audience effect

5.      Present view with evidence to support it

  

Video 2 How to write analytical essay

How to write it?

Necessary notes base on the video 2

1.      Read the question

2.      Identify keywords

3.      Identify Direction Words

4.      Brainstorm

5.      Organise ideas

Task 3 M1 LA3 Part 3 Profesional

Part 2: Comparing analytical exposition texts with other texts

TASK 3 M1 LA3

Read the two texts above once again and compare them with the other two texts below to identify their differences and similarities. Write your answer in the box provided below text 4.

Text 3

In all the discussion over the removal of lead from petrol there doesn’t seem to have been any mention of difference between driving in the city and the country.

While I realise my leaded petrol car is polluting the air wherever I drive, I feel that when you travel through the country, where you only see another car every five to ten minutes, the problem is not as severe as when traffic is concentrated on city roads.

Those who want to penalise older, leaded petrol vehicles and their owners don’t seem to appreciate that, in the country, there is no public transport to fall back upon and one’s own vehicle is the only way to get about.

I feel that country people, who often have to travel huge distances to the nearest town and who already spend a great deal of money on petrol, should be treated differently to the people who live in the city.

(Source: Gerot, L., & Wignell, P. (1994). Making Sense of Functional Grammar).

Text 4

Iceberg Potential Source of Water

The supply of fresh water has not been a major problem for most countries in the world because a rainy season is part of their yearly climatic conditions. However, in countries where the rainfall is very sparse scientists must constantly seek ways to increase supplies of this precious element. One among other methods being considered is the towing of icebergs. According to this method large icebergs from Antarctica would be wrapped in cloth or plastic, tied to powerful tugboats by strong ropes, and towed to the countries needing fresh water. While this plan may have some potential, there are certain practical problems that must be solved.

The first problem is the expense. According to estimates, it would cost between $50 and $100 million to tow a 'single 100-million-ton iceberg from Antarctica to, for example, the coast of Saudi Arabia. This is very expensive.

The second problem is possible risk with the iceberg. It is very possible that the Iceberg would melt en route. No one knows if an iceberg could be effectively insulated during such a long journey. At the very least, there is the possibility that it would break up into smaller pieces, which would create still other problems.

The third problem is about the environmental effects. There is the danger that a huge block of Ice floating off an arid coast could have unexpected environmental effects. The ice could drastically change the weather along the coast and it would probably affect the fish population.

The last problem is the cost efficiency. According to this, the cost of providing fresh water from icebergs would be less than the cost of providing water by desalinization. According to most estimates, it would cost between 50 cent and 60 cent per cubic meter to get water from an iceberg as opposed to the 80 cent per cubic meter it costs to get the same amount by desalinization. In conclusion, before icebergs can become a source of fresh water in the future, problems involving cost, overall practicality, and most importantly environmental impact must be solved.

(Adapted from Oshima and Hogue, 3rd edition, 1998).

Write your answer in this box.

Simmilarties	Differences
1. The four texts give arguments that support the main idea of the text. 2.  The four text use present tense in constructing the text 3.   The four text use relational process to attribute the main subject	1. Text 1 and text 2 use internal conjunction and causal conjunction , but text 3 and 4 do not. 2. Text 1 and 2 tell the argument not based on private opinion.

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